equal protection

noun

: a guarantee under the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that a state must treat an individual or class of individuals the same as it treats other individuals or classes in like circumstances

Examples of equal protection in a Sentence

Recent Examples on the Web
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In 2022, the state Fourth District Court of Appeal sided with Heard, ruling that denying resentencing to people with de facto life-without-parole sentences — while allowing it for people sentenced to formal life without parole — violated the Constitution’s equal protection clause. Kelly Davis, San Diego Union-Tribune, 8 Feb. 2026 The case was brought by a group of Louisiana citizens who declared that the federal mandate under Section 2 to draw a second majority-Black district violated the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment and thus served as an unconstitutional act of racial gerrymandering. Robert D. Bland, The Conversation, 3 Feb. 2026 Each of them went to court, contending that their respective state laws violate the equal protection clause of the Constitution and federal statutes barring discrimination against women in sports. Gwen Faulkenberry, Arkansas Online, 22 Jan. 2026 Key takeaways Constitution's equal protection clause The justices will also debate whether Idaho's and West Virginia’s laws violate the 14th Amendment’s guarantee that laws will be applied equally to people in similar situations. Maureen Groppe, USA Today, 10 Jan. 2026 See All Example Sentences for equal protection

Word History

First Known Use

1868, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of equal protection was in 1868

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Cite this Entry

“Equal protection.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/equal%20protection. Accessed 14 Feb. 2026.

Legal Definition

equal protection

noun
: a guarantee under the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution that a state must treat an individual or class of individuals the same as it treats other individuals or classes in like circumstances

called also equal protection of the law

see also rational basis test, strict scrutiny, suspect classification

Note: The equal protection requirement of the Constitution protects against legislation that affects individuals differently without a rational basis for doing so. In reviewing claims of denial of equal protection, a court will uphold legislation that has a rational basis unless the legislation affects a fundamental right or involves a suspect classification, such as race. In such a case, the court will use a strict scrutiny standard of review and will strike down legislation that does not show a compelling need for discriminating.

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