punitive

adjective

pu·​ni·​tive ˈpyü-nə-tiv How to pronounce punitive (audio)
Synonyms of punitivenext
: inflicting, involving, or aiming at punishment
severe punitive measures
punitively adverb
punitiveness noun

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Punitive and the Law

Punitive is an important word in the law. When you sue a person or company for having wronged you in some way, you normally ask for something of value equal to what you were deprived of by the other party. But when the defendant has done something particularly bad, you may also ask for punitive damages, money over and above the actual cost of the harm done, intended to teach the defendant a lesson. Punitive damages are fairly rare, but when they're actually granted they may be as much as four times the size of the basic damages.

Examples of punitive in a Sentence

The federal government will take punitive action against the company that polluted the river. Lobbyists complain that the bill would impose punitive taxes on the industry.
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
His erratic, punitive and ultimately unconstitutional approach to tariffs has resulted in an economic mess of payouts to farmers and reimbursements. Dp Opinion, Denver Post, 31 May 2026 The police department ordinarily aims to defer disciplinary issues at schools to staff for resolution rather than taking punitive action, Pieritz said. Evy Lewis, Chicago Tribune, 29 May 2026 Unlike those in the criminal justice system, most detainees do not have lawyers and their detention on immigration violations is not meant to be punitive. CBS News, 27 May 2026 The suit accuses the former clerk of violating Murdaugh’s right to a fair trial and seeks punitive and compensatory damages, as well as $600,000 of attorneys’ fees. Sarah Rumpf-Whitten, FOXNews.com, 23 May 2026 See All Example Sentences for punitive

Word History

Etymology

French punitif, from Medieval Latin punitivus, from Latin punitus, past participle of punire

First Known Use

1593, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of punitive was in 1593

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Cite this Entry

“Punitive.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/punitive. Accessed 31 May. 2026.

Kids Definition

punitive

adjective
pu·​ni·​tive ˈpyü-nət-iv How to pronounce punitive (audio)
1
: of or relating to punishment or penalties
punitive law
2
: intended to inflict punishment
a punitive expedition against outlaws
punitively adverb

Legal Definition

punitive

adjective
pu·​ni·​tive ˈpyü-nə-tiv How to pronounce punitive (audio)
: inflicting, involving, or aiming at punishment
punitively adverb
punitiveness noun

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