1
as in national
a person who owes allegiance to a government and is protected by it conscientious citizens who regard voting as a duty as well as a right

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2

Synonym Chooser

How is the word citizen distinct from other similar nouns?

The words national and subject are common synonyms of citizen. While all three words mean "a person owing allegiance to and entitled to the protection of a sovereign state," citizen is preferred for one owing allegiance to a state in which sovereign power is retained by the people and sharing in the political rights of those people.

the rights of a free citizen

Where would national be a reasonable alternative to citizen?

Although the words national and citizen have much in common, national designates one who may claim the protection of a state and applies especially to one living or traveling outside that state.

American nationals working in the Middle East

When could subject be used to replace citizen?

The meanings of subject and citizen largely overlap; however, subject implies allegiance to a personal sovereign such as a monarch.

the king's subjects

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of citizen Li and Wang were both born and raised in China, but are naturalized U.S. citizens. Dan Mangan, CNBC, 30 July 2025 People who are in the U.S. lawfully but are not U.S. citizens also will no longer be able to get health care through the marketplace. Nicole Villalpando, Austin American Statesman, 29 July 2025 In May, the U.S. advised citizens to avoid traveling to Venezuela and its borders. Sophia Compton, FOXNews.com, 29 July 2025 For those without family connections, Canada still lets U.S. citizens stay six months a year, every year, allowing for a part-year retirement option (with no Canadian tax issues). William P. Barrett, Forbes.com, 19 July 2025 See All Example Sentences for citizen
Recent Examples of Synonyms for citizen
Noun
  • Foreign nationals renewing humanitarian parole with employment authorization ▪ Youth applicants for Special Immigrant Juvenile (SIJ) status Federal authorities emphasized that these fees cannot be waived or reduced, even if the base form is eligible for a fee waiver under DHS regulations.
    Daniel Shoer Roth, Miami Herald, 22 July 2025
  • Naturally, Singapore isn’t handing out passports to foreign nationals like candy.
    Maureen O'Hare, CNN Money, 22 July 2025
Noun
  • The organization reports that more than 80 local villagers, largely Christians, have been killed in other attacks in just this month of July alone.
    Paul Tilsley, FOXNews.com, 31 July 2025
  • Videos from Oddar Meanchey on Thursday showed villagers fleeing in the dead of night, packing their belongings into vehicles and sleeping under tarps.
    Kocha Olarn, CNN Money, 25 July 2025
Noun
  • Police are warning residents to avoid Southwest 14th Street, which is closed between 68th Boulevard & SW 69th Avenue.
    Grethel Aguila, Miami Herald, 14 July 2025
  • Research by the Tax Foundation shows that high-tax states tend to lose residents to other states, while low-tax states tend to gain them.
    Daniel de Visé, USA Today, 14 July 2025
Noun
  • The inhabitants of that vehicle told police that Calicut’s only passenger, Isaiah Bruce Phillip, was the person who shot at them.
    Matt Moret, New York Times, 24 July 2025
  • Guthrie, 53, confirmed that Ross was listing the inhabitants of her carry on luggage only.
    Rachel McRady, People.com, 21 July 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Citizen.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/citizen. Accessed 6 Aug. 2025.

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