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foul

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verb

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Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective foul differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of foul are dirty, filthy, nasty, and squalid. While all these words mean "conspicuously unclean or impure," foul implies extreme offensiveness and an accumulation of what is rotten or stinking; it can also describe, for example, loathsome behavior.

a foul-smelling open sewer
a foul story of lust and greed

When can dirty be used instead of foul?

Although the words dirty and foul have much in common, dirty emphasizes the presence of dirt more than an emotional reaction to it or, figuratively, stresses meanness or despicableness.

a dirty littered street
don't ask me to do your dirty work

When could filthy be used to replace foul?

The meanings of filthy and foul largely overlap; however, filthy carries a strong suggestion of offensiveness and typically of gradually accumulated dirt that begrimes and besmears. Figuratively, it can also describe disgusting obscenity.

a stained greasy floor, utterly filthy
filthy street language

How is nasty related to other words for foul?

Nasty applies to what is actually foul or is repugnant to one expecting freshness, cleanliness, or sweetness; in practice, however, nasty is often weakened to the point of being no more than a synonym of unpleasant or disagreeable. When used figuratively, nasty implies a peculiarly offensive unpleasantness.

it's a nasty job to clean up after a sick cat
had a nasty fall
his answer gave her a nasty shock
a stand-up comedian known for nasty humor

When would squalid be a good substitute for foul?

In some situations, the words squalid and foul are roughly equivalent. However, squalid adds to the idea of dirtiness and filth that of slovenly neglect. Distinctively, its figurative use implies sordidness as well as baseness and dirtiness.

squalid slums
engaged in a series of squalid affairs

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of foul
Adjective
Most of the complaints were about the foul smells coming from her home. Colin Mixson, New York Daily News, 30 June 2025 Cats often express their dismay at being excluded from your travel plans by peeing in your luggage, but of course, cat urine is not the only thing that can cause a foul odor in your suitcase. Jolie Kerr, Better Homes & Gardens, 26 June 2025
Verb
Villa failed to secure Champions League football after losing 2-0 against United on the final day of the season, with Martinez receiving a red card after fouling Rasmus Hojlund outside the penalty area. Mark Critchley, New York Times, 12 July 2025 Batted balls that are caught in the air are outs; strikeouts occur when a batter swings through one pitch or fouls off two of them. Don Norcross, San Diego Union-Tribune, 11 July 2025 See All Example Sentences for foul
Recent Examples of Synonyms for foul
Adjective
  • Flying across the country alone with my infant was far less turbulent with the right preparation.
    Melissa Willets, Parents, 1 Aug. 2025
  • For Michelle, 28, knowing her long-term relationship was over—one that had started with a DM, spanned four years, and was turbulent in the way that made letting go feel impossible—came down to seeing him with someone else…in a video watched by over a million people.
    Morgan Sullivan, Vogue, 31 July 2025
Adjective
  • Property managers find fault with the current program Some property managers have raised concerns about the way the program works, claiming its requirements are unfair to responsible property owners and managers who are actively trying to remedy maintenance issues, particularly in older buildings.
    Ella McCarthy, Austin American Statesman, 30 July 2025
  • Israel also faces prejudice and unfair expectations that would not be faced by many other countries in such circumstances.
    Yair Rosenberg, The Atlantic, 29 July 2025
Adjective
  • This disgusting breach of civil rights against students will not stand.
    Hannah Parry, MSNBC Newsweek, 29 July 2025
  • There are explosions, too, and lots of NSFW supe antics, like one unidentified supe hacking up a disgusting ball of...something from her throat that splatters on Kimiko's cheek.
    EW.com, EW.com, 26 July 2025
Adjective
  • The law requires pornographic websites to verify users’ ages – for example by making users scan and upload their driver’s license – before granting access to content that is deemed obscene for minors but not adults.
    Meg Leta Jones, The Conversation, 27 June 2025
  • Lawsuit alleges 'obscene' government overreach Longo's lawsuit, filed in Chemung County, New York, names the county, the city of Elmira and several DEC officers as defendants.
    Jeanine Santucci, USA Today, 12 July 2025
Adjective
  • This is about a team with a top-10 payroll whose GM committed too stinking much of it to dogs that can’t, or won’t, pull the sled.
    Sean Keeler, The Denver Post, 22 Dec. 2019
  • Muttaiah said the man inside the stinking manhole was working without any safety equipment — no gloves, no shoes, no supplemental oxygen.
    Joanna Slater, Washington Post, 16 Dec. 2019
Adjective
  • Indeed, the trio looked filthy, and one even had a red, watery eye.
    Alyce Collins, MSNBC Newsweek, 23 July 2025
  • Sharp has long been one of New York’s filthiest comedians.
    Jason P. Frank, Vulture, 22 July 2025
Verb
  • As more success suddenly comes his way, McKinstry has remained the same, friendly and chuckling at his locker, dirtying his jersey and pestering opponents on the field.
    Cody Stavenhagen, New York Times, 10 July 2025
  • Some were prosthetic buttocks, but others were people’s own buttocks, but in various states, like dirtied down and with partial covering.
    Alex Ritman, Variety, 1 July 2025
Verb
  • If contaminated floodwater is swallowed, or pollutes drinking water, this can lead to gastrointestinal illnesses such as stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting.
    ByMary Kekatos, ABC News, 11 July 2025
  • For decades, biologists have studied how cities affect wildlife by altering food supplies, fragmenting habitats and polluting the environment.
    Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Times, 9 July 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Foul.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/foul. Accessed 6 Aug. 2025.

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