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Synonym Chooser

How does the adjective willful differ from other similar words?

Some common synonyms of willful are headstrong, intractable, recalcitrant, refractory, ungovernable, and unruly. While all these words mean "not submissive to government or control," willful implies an obstinate determination to have one's own way.

a willful disregard for the rights of others

When can headstrong be used instead of willful?

Although the words headstrong and willful have much in common, headstrong suggests self-will impatient of restraint, advice, or suggestion.

a headstrong young cavalry officer

When would intractable be a good substitute for willful?

The words intractable and willful are synonyms, but do differ in nuance. Specifically, intractable suggests stubborn resistance to guidance or control.

intractable opponents of the hazardous-waste dump

When is recalcitrant a more appropriate choice than willful?

While in some cases nearly identical to willful, recalcitrant suggests determined resistance to or defiance of authority.

acts of sabotage by a recalcitrant populace

Where would refractory be a reasonable alternative to willful?

While the synonyms refractory and willful are close in meaning, refractory stresses resistance to attempts to manage or to mold.

special schools for refractory children

When is it sensible to use ungovernable instead of willful?

The synonyms ungovernable and willful are sometimes interchangeable, but ungovernable implies either an escape from control or guidance or a state of being unsubdued and incapable of controlling oneself or being controlled by others.

ungovernable rage

When might unruly be a better fit than willful?

In some situations, the words unruly and willful are roughly equivalent. However, unruly implies lack of discipline or incapacity for discipline and often connotes waywardness or turbulence of behavior.

unruly children

Example Sentences

Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
Recent Examples of willful The owner, who was identified as 30-year-old Olivia Underwood, was arrested for willful or malicious torture, maiming or killing of a dog and was booked into the Clark County Detention Center, police said. Megan Forrester, ABC News, 2 June 2025 But the appeals court affirmed a jury's finding that Cox was guilty of willful contributory infringement, raising the likelihood that ISPs would have to terminate customers accused of piracy to avoid liability. ArsTechnica, 28 May 2025 For now, that willful ignorance cannot disguise cold, hard, round numbers. Luca Evans, Denver Post, 21 May 2025 Grading for equity amounts to willful and moralized deception, including self-deception. The Editors, National Review, 29 May 2025 See All Example Sentences for willful
Recent Examples of Synonyms for willful
Adjective
  • Inspired by 1953’s The Wild One starring Marlon Brando, the song and video captures the rebellious spirit of the cult classic, with scenes of a motorcycle being driven on an open road and birds in flight.
    Althea Legaspi, Rolling Stone, 4 June 2025
  • Many historians estimate that at least 15 to 20 percent of the population remained loyal to the crown, some even taking up arms against their rebellious neighbors and fighting alongside the British.
    Greg Daugherty, Smithsonian Magazine, 4 June 2025
Adjective
  • Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that causes uncontrollable hair loss on the scalp, face, and body.
    Shamsha Damani, Health, 13 June 2025
  • The laptop soon started doing the same thing as the other machine – with the uncontrollable cursor.
    Scott Kramer, Forbes.com, 8 June 2025
Adjective
  • There is something dangerously, provocatively arrogant about his glorified gang leader looks.
    Timothy Crouse, Rolling Stone, 9 June 2025
  • The exiled poet was criticized for his arrogant attempts to influence British and American foreign policy.
    Graham Robb, The Atlantic, 9 June 2025
Adjective
  • Going the extra mile should be thoughtful and deliberate, creating a lasting impact without breaking the bank.
    Jacob Orrin, Forbes.com, 5 June 2025
  • Investigators were left grasping at smoke, trying to make sense of a pattern that felt deliberate but remained elusive.
    JP Mangalindan, Time, 4 June 2025
Adjective
  • Their relationship can be difficult as AM is stubborn and likes to have her way always.
    Carolyn Rosenblatt, Forbes.com, 9 June 2025
  • Some of these infections stop on their own, but others are too stubborn, or too serious, to leave untreated.
    Sam Walters, Discover Magazine, 4 June 2025
Adjective
  • Kim Kardashian made a defiant walk into Paris' Palace of Justice in May, to face the criminals who held the reality star at gunpoint and robbed in 2016.
    Doc Louallen, ABC News, 6 June 2025
  • In curating the show, Moore sought to elevate artists whose work embodies this tension while also offering something tender, vulnerable, and defiant.
    Okla Jones, Essence, 5 June 2025
Adjective
  • For being such an opinionated, sure person, this is an element in my life that I’ve never been superattached to a yes or no answer.
    Lulu Garcia-Navarro, New York Times, 31 May 2025
  • In a four-episode arc premiering Wednesday, Rodriguez will play Pietro, a vivacious and opinionated party planner hired to help Genoa City royalty Nikki Newman (Melody Thomas Scott) plot out her big birthday bash.
    Ryan Coleman, EW.com, 27 May 2025
Adjective
  • State lawmakers can and should repeal the arbitrary two-year rule.
    Sakinah Tillman, Baltimore Sun, 4 June 2025
  • Officials have often shaken this number off as arbitrary, but agree military spending needs to surge from the 2 percent benchmark of the last decade, and quickly.
    Ellie Cook, MSNBC Newsweek, 3 June 2025

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Cite this Entry

“Willful.” Merriam-Webster.com Thesaurus, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/thesaurus/willful. Accessed 18 Jun. 2025.

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